{"id":3364,"date":"2023-08-02T12:24:13","date_gmt":"2023-08-02T10:24:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/medicina-nuclear\/"},"modified":"2024-12-04T10:03:55","modified_gmt":"2024-12-04T09:03:55","slug":"medicina-nuclear","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/serveis\/medicina-nuclear\/","title":{"rendered":"Medicina nuclear"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Medicina nuclear<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La medicina nuclear \u00e9s l\u2019especialitat m\u00e8dica que diagnostica, avalua i tracta diversos tipus de malalties, com processos oncol\u00f2gics, infecciosos, malalties del cor, trastorns gastrointestinals, endocrins, neurol\u00f2gics i altres afeccions m\u00e8diques.<\/p>\n

Els ex\u00e0mens o proves diagn\u00f2stiques que es duen a terme en medicina nuclear identifiquen alteracions metab\u00f2liques\/moleculars espec\u00edfiques per a cada tipus de teixit o \u00f2rgan, la qual cosa permet detectar les malalties en les etapes m\u00e9s primerenques i avaluar el nivell de resposta als diferents tractaments, especialment en les malalties oncol\u00f2giques.<\/p>\n

\u00c9s una especialitat poc invasiva i no requereix procediments t\u00e8cnics complexos. Les proves d\u2019imatge s\u00f3n similars a altres m\u00e9s conegudes com el TAC (o TC) o la resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica i fins i tot en molts de casos suposen una exposici\u00f3 radioactiva menor.<\/p>\n

PET-TC<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019estudi d\u2019imatge amb m\u00e9s impacte \u00e9s el PET-TC, una prova que combina dues tecnologies diferents en una sola m\u00e0quina: tomografia per emissi\u00f3 de positrons (PET) + tomografia computada (TC).<\/p>\n

El PET, per si mateix, \u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica diagn\u00f2stica no invasiva que permet visualitzar l\u2019activitat metab\u00f2lica a l\u2019interior de l\u2019organisme utilitzant un \u201ccontrast\u201d format per glucosa i un radiois\u00f2top emissor de positrons (F18). El procediment es fonamenta en el fet que, en determinades patologies, principalment en les oncol\u00f2giques, es produeix un important consum de glucosa degut a l\u2019elevada replicaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular, per la qual cosa l\u2019administraci\u00f3 d\u2019aquest \u201ccontrast\u201d permet detectar de manera molt primerenca, tant en les fases inicials de la malaltia com en el cas de possibles recidives, la pres\u00e8ncia d\u2019activitat tumoral. Aquest fet \u00e9s una fita molt important en l\u2019oncologia m\u00e8dica, ja que permet tractar els pacients en les fases m\u00e9s inicials de la malaltia i con\u00e8ixer-ne la vertadera extensi\u00f3, la qual cosa afectar\u00e0 de manera notable la superviv\u00e8ncia dels pacients.<\/p>\n

Amb el pas del temps, i gr\u00e0cies als grans aven\u00e7os tecnol\u00f2gics, s\u2019ha aconseguit fusionar la imatge metab\u00f2lica o funcional PET amb la imatge anat\u00f2mica\/estructural obtinguda amb el TC en un mateix equip i procediment, amb la qual cosa s\u2019eviten sobreexposicions radiol\u00f2giques innecess\u00e0ries i es millora notablement la precisi\u00f3 (la sensibilitat i l\u2019especificitat) de l\u2019estudi.<\/p>\n

REALITZACI\u00d3 DE LA PROVA <\/strong><\/p>\n

Quant a la realitzaci\u00f3 del a prova, el pacient pot estar tranquil, ja que es du a terme de manera ambulat\u00f2ria, sense necessitat d\u2019ingr\u00e9s hospitalari. L\u2019\u00fanica preparaci\u00f3 requerida \u00e9s que s\u2019ha de fer una dieta baixa en hidrats de carboni durant el sopar del dia anterior i posteriorment acudir-hi en dej\u00fa d\u2019un m\u00ednim de 4 hores abans de l\u2019hora programada per a l\u2019estudi. Hi pot haver excepcions, especialment en el cas de pacients diab\u00e8tics, per la qual cosa el fet de patir aquesta malaltia \u00e9s una informaci\u00f3 important que s\u2019ha de facilitar al personal de medicina nuclear en el moment que se sol\u00b7licita el PET-TC.<\/p>\n

Finalment, quan el pacient arriba al servei de medicina nuclear passa a una sala individual, anomenada sala d\u2019injectats, on un infermer especialista en medicina nuclear li canalitza una via perif\u00e8rica, a trav\u00e9s de la qual se li injecta el \u201ccontrast\u201d. Despr\u00e9s de la injecci\u00f3 el pacient ha de romandre en rep\u00f2s durant aproximadament 50 minuts, temps que molts aprofiten per llegir, escoltar m\u00fasica o simplement descansar. Despr\u00e9s d\u2019aquest per\u00edode de temps necessari perqu\u00e8 el \u201ccontrast\u201d administrat es fixi a les possibles zones de malaltia, el pacient passa a una sala del PET-TC, on se li fa l\u2019estudi d\u2019imatge, procediment que t\u00e9 una durada aproximada de 20 minuts. En acabar, el pacient pot tornar a casa seva i fer vida normal.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Tambi\u00e9n le puede interesar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tHospitalitzaci\u00f3 a Eivissa\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tQuir\u00f2fans CMA a Eivissa\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tConsultes m\u00e8diques\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Medicina nuclear La medicina nuclear \u00e9s l\u2019especialitat m\u00e8dica que diagnostica, avalua i tracta diversos tipus de malalties, com processos oncol\u00f2gics, infecciosos, malalties del cor, trastorns<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1024,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3364","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3364\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinicavilaparc.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}